Als historisch-biographische Lexika sind die ADB (55 Bände und ein Register, 1875-1912) und die NDB (23 Bände, seit 1953) erstrangige Informationsmittel zu ca. 90.000 Personen, die im deutschsprachigen Raum in herausragender Weise wirksam waren. Vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart werden alle Bereiche des öffentlichen, wissenschaftlichen, wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Lebens berücksichtigt.

Das Biographisch-Bibliographische Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) ist ein biographisches Nachschlagewerk zur Kirchengeschichte, begründet 1975 von Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz. Mit über 20.000 Artikeln, die sowohl von renommierten Wissenschaftlern als auch von interessierten Laien verfasst wurden, gilt das BBKL als sehr aktuelle und umfangreiche biographische Informationsquelle zu Personen der Kirchen-, aber auch der Philosophiegeschichte. Nur der auf knappe Kurzinformationen beschränkte biografische Teil der BBKL ist kostenfrei zugänglich, der Rest ist lizenzpflichtig.

Bloomsbury History: Theory and Method is an educational digital resource dedicated to historiography and the examination of historical theory and methods using a global approach. Currently included are 100 exclusive articles by authors based in 25 different countries, a 4-volume major reference work on the global history of historiography and more than 60 eBooks.

The platform provides access to Brill's reference works, including: * Brill's New Pauly and Der Neue Pauly have become a recognized standard reference work for students and scholars of the ancient world. Now, the complete original Der Neue Pauly together with Brill’s New Pauly are offered online. New Pauly Online will allow the researcher to have the most complete database available. New Pauly Online is automatically updated whenever a new volume is published. * The Encyclopedia of Islam (New Edition) sets out the present state of our knowledge of the Islamic World. It is a unique and invaluable reference tool, an essential key to understanding the world of Islam, and the authoritative source not only on the religion, but also on the believers and the countries in which they live. * Lexicon Gregorianum Online is the most comprehensive Greek-German dictionary of the language used by Gregory of Nyssa. It is the only dictionary available specifically addressing the vocabulary of late Classical Greek. It documents Gregory's complete vocabulary, taking account of the syntax, meaning and connotations of every occurrence of a key word in his writings. Further reference works may be available due to local subscription.

Brill Scholarly Editions is a text edition platform, providing access to selected Brill's reference works, including: * The Coptic Gnostic Library Online continues where the Dead Sea Scrolls left off. The main sources of information for the Gnostic religion are the so-called Nag Hammadi codices, written in Coptic. * Gregorii Nysseni Opera Online is the ultimate online critical text edition of Gregory of Nyssa's works based on all available known manuscripts, introduced with a complete discussion of the textual transmission and accompanied by extensive annotations on the biblical, classical and patristic sources, and indices. The platform provides interactive reading of text editions supported by critical editions, facsimiles, translations, commentaries, and is designed to display parallel texts side by side.

The Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) is a style guide for American English published since 1906 by the University of Chicago Press. The CMS deals with various aspects of editorial practice, from American English grammar and usage to document preparation. It also prescribes writing and citation styles widely used in publishing. The platform offers the full contents of the most recent two editions.

The DeepL Translator is a neural machine translation service that is freely available online. Launched in 2017, it started with translations between 7 European languages and currently supports 24 languages. The MPG subscription to DeepL Pro ensures unlimited text translations and that the translated content is not stored or reused. In addition, DeepL Pro provides enhanced functionalities for core users with personal login. Further details can be found on the Software Licensing website.

The online edition of Dictionary of German Biography (DBE) provides information about people from all aspects of public life: men and women from the entire German-speaking area, from the time of the very earliest written records right up to the present. The biographies inform the reader about a person's origins, education, influential encounters, professional development, places of influence, significant works and achievements, friendships and relationships, membership of groups and associations, reception and, in special cases, prizes and honours. To be able to evaluate the life and work of a person in its completeness, DBE only contains people who are already dead. Dictionary of German Biography Online contains all articles from the second book edition of DBE.

Brill’s all-new Third Edition of the globally respected Encyclopaedia of Islam (EI3), the preeminent reference work in the field, began publication in the spring of 2007. EI3 is an entirely new work, which rigorously maintains the comprehensiveness and reliability of the great multivolume set, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. The EI3 appears in four substantial parts each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century, attention to Muslim minorities all over the world, full attention to social science as well as humanistic perspectives.

The Encyclopedia of Law and Religion Online deals with questions of freedom of religion and belief as well as the relation between state and religion in its various aspects, covering all independent nations and jurisdictions along with the major international organizations. Each article provides information on socio-religious facts, historical background, religious communities, religious freedom and the legal situation, such as labor, family and criminal law in the respective country.

The International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences offers a source of social and behavioral sciences reference material. It comprises over 3,900 articles, commissioned by 71 Section Editors, and includes 90,000 bibliographic references as well as comprehensive name and subject indexes.

Various dictionaries are available (incl. Duden).

LexiQamus is a reference work and online tool for identifying and analyzing illegible words from Ottoman-Turkish texts. It can even be used to search for the recognisable parts of a word. Based on over 170,000 words and phrases from 19 different dictionaries, LexiQamus comprises the entries of the reference work "A Turkish and English lexicon" (1890) by James Redhouse and all content from the website osmanlicasozlukler.com which collects entries from Ottoman dictionaries.

American English dictionary, encyclopedia, etymologies, Spanish-English dictionary

Developed cooperatively with scholars and librarians worldwide, Oxford Bibliographies offers exclusive, authoritative research guides across a variety of subject areas. Combining the best features of an annotated bibliography and a high-level encyclopedia, this cutting-edge resource directs researchers to the best available scholarship across a wide variety of subjects.

The Oxford English Dictionary is a guide to the meaning, history, and pronunciation of over half a million words and phrases, both present and past, from across the English-speaking world. It traces the usage of words through 3.5 million quotations from a wide range of international English language sources, from classic literature and specialist periodicals to film scripts, song lyrics and social media posts.

Oxford Handbooks Online is a collection of handbooks in 17 subject areas, bringing together the world's leading scholars to write review essays that evaluate the current thinking on a field or topic, and make an original argument about the future direction of the debate. For the first time, all Handbooks are available online as well is in print across the subject areas. Monthly updates introduce articles in advance of print publication and beyond the book, online-only content ensures the most current, authoritative coverage anywhere.

Oxford Reference Online is a collection of more than 200 dictionaries and encyclopedia from various subject areas. Oxford Reference Online consists of a wealth of facts, figures, definitions, and translations found in dictionary, language reference, and subject reference works published by Oxford University Press. In addition to the Premium Collection, the Western Civilization Collection is available.

Various dictionaries are available.

The two databases (which are searchable simultaneously) contain Sigrid Krämer's collections about more than 34.000 writers and more than 16.000 owners of medieval manuscripts. Along with their names, personal data (if known), manuscript references and criticism are included. The database, which has never been published in print, is relevant for all disciplines (especially those with a focus on medieval studies) that deal with written tradition.