arXiv is an e-print service in the fields of physics, mathematics, computer science, quantitative biology, quantitative finance, statistics, electrical engineering and systems science, and economics. It provides access to more the 1.3 million e-prints. The Max Planck Society is a member institution of arXiv.

BioMed Central is an STM (Science, Technology and Medicine) publisher of 270 peer-reviewed open access journals. The portfolio of journals spans all areas of biology, biomedicine and medicine and includes broad interest titles, such as BMC Biology and BMC Medicine alongside specialist journals, such as Retrovirology and BMC Genomics. The Max Planck Society is a BMC member and covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

CESSDA provides large scale, integrated and sustainable data services to the social sciences, having evolved from a network of European data service providers into a legal entity and large-scale infrastructure under the auspices of the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) Roadmap.CESSDA provides a seamless interface to datasets from social science data archives across Europe.

Clio-online is a central Internet gateway for historical scholarship in teaching and research. Sponsored by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the gateway enables efficient access to the diverse range of historical online ressources available to scholars and teachers within the field of history. Clio-online ist ein zentrales Internet Fachportal zur Geschichte. Seit Mai 2002 von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft gefördert, ermöglicht das Projekt durch seine Online-Dienste und Service-Angebote einen effizienten Zugang zu den umfangreichen Online-Ressourcen innerhalb der Geschichtswissenschaften.

Cogitatio is an academic and community-oriented publisher based in Lisbon, which was founded in 2014 with the aim of promoting the open access dissemination of scientific knowledge. Cogitatio currently publishes 4 peer-reviewed Open Access journals focusing on research in the social sciences and humanities. From January 1, 2023, the Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

Welcome to CogPrints, an electronic archive for self-archive papers in any area of Psychology, neuroscience, and Linguistics, and many areas of Computer Science (e.g., artificial intelligence, robotics, vision, learning, speech, neural networks), Philosophy (e.g., mind, language, knowledge, science, logic), Biology (e.g., ethology, behavioral ecology, sociobiology, behaviour genetics, evolutionary theory), Medicine (e.g., Psychiatry, Neurology, human genetics, Imaging), Anthropology (e.g., primatology, cognitive ethnology, archeology, paleontology), as well as any other portions of the physical, social and mathematical sciences that are pertinent to the study of cognition.

The DBLP server provides bibliographic information on major computer science journals and proceedings. Initially the server was focused on DataBase systems and Logic Programming (DBLP), now it is gradually being expanded toward other fields of computer science. You may now read "DBLP" as "Digital Bibliography & Library Project". The server indexes more than 380000 articles and contains several thousand links to home pages of computer scientists (May 2003).

Copernicus Publications has been publishing highly reputable peer-reviewed open access journals since 2001. Through interactive, multi-stage open access publishing, Copernicus aims to bring real transparency into scientific quality assurance. The Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

CORE’s mission is to aggregate all open access research outputs from repositories and journals worldwide and make them available to the public. In this way CORE facilitates free unrestricted access to research for all. We offer seamless access to millions of open access research papers, enrich the collected data for text-mining and provide unique services to the research community. CORE is providing a free API.

DART-Europe is a partnership of research libraries and library consortia who are working together to improve global access to European research theses. The Dart-Europe E-theses Portal enables access to open access research theses from nearly 600 universities in 28 European countries.

Data Europa EU is a central point of access to European open data from international, European Union, national, regional, local and geodata portals. The official portal for Euopean data consolidates the former EU Open Data Portal and the European Data Portal. Data Europa EU gives access and fosters the reuse of European open data among citizens, business and organisations. The portal promotes and supports the release of more and better-quality metadata and data by the EU’s institutions, agencies and other bodies, and European countries, enhancing the transparency of European administrations. Furthermore, it is intended to educate citizens and organisations about the opportunities that arise from the availability of open data. Currently, Data Europa EU contains more than 1.5 million European public sector datasets grouped by over 180 catalogues and pertaining to different topical categories.

"Data Services for the Social Sciences" is a department of GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences. Its mission is to foster FAIR data, open science and reproducible research in the quantitative and computational social sciences. To ensure that data holdings remain usable and interpretable over the long term, it offers sustainable infrastructures and services for data management, curation, and long-term preservation. ​These include archiving services with different curation levels for different needs as well as access to archived data including access to sensitive data in the GESIS Secure Data Center. The services also cover the data registration agency da|ra and training on data management for easier retrieval and re-analysis of data.

DBIS (Datenbank-Infosystem) is a web application to find scientific databases. It includes licenced and free databases for most disciplines.

DEPATISnet is a service provided to you by the German Patent and Trade Mark Office. You can conduct online searches in patent publications from around the world stored in the database of DEPATIS, the in-house patent information system of the GPTO.

Digi20 concentrates on the digitalization of monographs published in the second half of the 20th century, predominantly in the field of humanities and social sciences. In the first phase of the project, approx. 4,700 titles of programme segments of the publishers Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Wilhelm Fink / Ferdinand Schöningh as well as Otto Sagner were digitized. In a second phase, further approx. 1,750 titles are being included till 2014 by consecutively digitizing all monographs up to a defined ‘Moving Wall’ of three to five years to the current year of publication.

Since its foundation in 1964 the Max Planck Institute for European Legal History has been intensively engaged in research into the history of private law in Europe. It therefore has a particularly rich store of literary sources on 19th century German, Austrian and Swiss private and civil procedural law. With support from the German Research Foundation (DFG) it has been possible to digitize this exceptional concentration of material and make it available to a wider scientific audience. In the course of the project, which extended from 1997 until 2002, some 4,316 volumes were digitized comprising around 1,350,000 pages. For the Institute library this venture into digitization represents a continuation of its long-standing initiative to maintain and conserve its collections.

The primary aim of DOAB is to increase discoverability of Open Access books. Academic publishers are invited to provide metadata of their Open Access books to DOAB. An overview of participating publisher can be found here.

The DOAJ service lists toll-free, quality controlled, scientific and scholarly journals. It generally aims at covering all subjects and languages. The DOAJ Articles Search is restricted to those journals the publisher has supplied article metadata for.

EconBiz - a suject portal for economics and business studies - supports you in retrieving economic literature. It offers a literature search across important German and international databases, including the holdings of ZBW, and provides access to information services of libraries. EconBiz - die Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Wirtschaftswissenschaften - unterstützt Sie bei der Recherche wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Fachinformationen. Sie können in Internetquellen, in Online-Katalogen und Volltexten recherchieren und auf Informationsdienstleistungen von Bibliotheken zugreifen. Enthält neben aktueller Literatur viele Publikationen , die für Wirtschaftshistoriker interessant sind (1500 ff).

The Library of Economics and Liberty is dedicated to advancing the study of economics, markets, and liberty. The books and essays on this website represent classics of economic thought, both historical and modern.•Authoritative editions of classics in economics, and related works in history, political theory and philosophy. Contains also blogs, talks and essays.The Library of Economics and Liberty carries the popular Concise Encyclopedia of Economics, edited by David R. Henderson.

EconStor is the Open Access server of the German National Library of Economics, Leibniz Information Centre for Economics. EconStor provides a basis for the free publication of academic literature in economics.

Edition Open Access provides open access to the publications of the Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge. The aim is to disseminate the results of scholarly work – in accordance with the open-access paradigm – to a broad audience rapidly and at low cost. The volumes presented here are directed at scholars and students in a wide range of disciplines. The works are available online both as print-on-demand books and open-access publications and can be accessed, together with additional information.

The EZB is a huge directory of electronic journals which mirrors the central Max Planck Society subscriptions as well as the local licensing situation of the institutes. Access rights to the contents of the individual journals are indicated with "traffic lights". Entries are searchable on journal level.

eLife publishes research in the life sciences and biomedicine, from the most fundamental and theoretical work, through to translational, applied, and clinical research. This includes subjects from human genetics and neuroscience to biophysics and epidemiology. The Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

Throughout Europe, national patent offices and the European Patent Office (EPO) offer free patent information on the Internet Patents reveal solutions to technical problems, and they represent an inexhaustable source of information: more than 80 percent of man's technical knowledge is described in patent literature. From the middle of 1998 onwards, esp@cenet users have been able to access the bibliographic data of all patents published in the preceding two years by any member state of the European Patent Organisation, as well as by the European Patent Office and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). In addition, full-page facsimile images of documents are also retrievable to facilitate more detailed analysis of these documents. The data for this particular service is stored at the relevant national office.

EUR-Lex provides free access to public EU documents in the 24 official languages. This includes: * the Official Journal of the European Union * EU law (EU treaties, directives, regulations, decisions, consolidated legislation, etc.) * preparatory acts (legislative proposals, reports, green and white papers, etc.) * EU case-law (judgements, orders, etc.) * international agreements * EFTA documents * other public documents EUR-Lex is based on the CELEX database, and is updated daily.

The search engine provides users with the option to search various historically relevant databases and catalogues on general and European history in parallel.

Eurostat is the statistical office of the European Union and its homepage offers a whole range of data that governments, businesses, the education sector, journalists and the public can use for their work and daily life. The data covers following themes: - General and regional statistics - Economy and finance: National accounts (including GDP), ESA Input-Output tables, European sector accounts, Pensions in National Accounts, Government finance and EDP, Exchange rates, Interest rates, Harmonised Indices of Consumer Prices (HICP), Housing price statistics, Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs), Balance of payments - Population and social conditions - Industry, trade and service: Manufactured goods (Prodcom), Postal services, Structural business statistics, Short-term business statistics, Tourism - Agriculture and fisheries - International trade - Transport - Environment and energy - Science and technology

The ExPASy (Expert Protein Analysis System) proteomics server from the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) is dedicated to molecular biology with an emphasis on data relevant to proteins. It allows you to browse through a number of databases produced in Geneva, such as Swiss-Prot, PROSITE, SWISS-2DPAGE, SWISS-3DIMAGE, ENZYME, as well as other cross-referenced databases (such as EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ, OMIM, Medline, FlyBase, ProDom, SGD, SubtiList, etc). It also allows access to many analytical tools for the identification of proteins, the analysis of their sequence and the prediction of their tertiary structure. ExPASy also offers you many documents relevant to these field of research and you will find from the servers, links to most relevant sources of information across the Web. Swiss-2DService is a non-profit 2-D PAGE service to the scientific community. ExPASy was created in August 1993, it was one of the first WWW servers for biological sciences. Since that date it has undergone constant modifications and improvements.

F1000 Research is an open research and open access publishing platform, providing a suite of publishing services directly to researchers, research funders and institutions. The platform supports innovative features such as post-publication peer review, open peer review, and publication of negative results. The Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for the open access journal F1000Research centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

The information contained in this web site, and its associated web sites, including but not limited to FindLaw, the CyberSpace Law Center, the LawCrawler, LegalMinds and the University Law Review Project, is provided as a service to the Internet community, and does not constitute legal advice. We try to provide quality information, but we make no claims, promises or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information contained in or linked to this web site and its associated sites.

Frontiers is a community-oriented open-access academic publisher and research network. It was launched in 2007 by scientists from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne and aims to provide better tools and services to researchers in the Internet age. Since then, Frontiers has become one of the fastest-growing open-access scholarly publishers: over 400,000 high-quality, peer-reviewed articles have been published in about 200 community-driven journals across more than 300 specialty niches in science, medicine and technology. The Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

Google Book Search is a service from Google that searches the full text of books that Google scans, converts to text using optical character recognition, and stores in its digital database.

Google Patents is a service from Google to search and read the full text of patents from around the world. Non-patent literature can be included to the search strategy via Google Scholar.

H1 Connect is a literature awareness and recommendation tool that comprehensively highlights and reviews the most interesting papers published in biology and medicine. It is based on the recommendations of a faculty of selected leading scientists and enables researchers to set up a personalized literature service.

Hindawi publishes peer-reviewed, Open Access journals across many areas of science, technology, and medicine, as well as several areas of social science. The Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

Histat serves as access-platform of time series data collected in the framework of economic and social historical research.All together, all in the database Histat contained time series enclose about five and a half million values. From the year 1800 at least thousand values for nearly each year are available, from the middle of the 19th century there are already more than 10.000 values on hand via Histat, and with the foundation of the German Empire (in 1871) there are more than 20.000 values available per year. The highlights are the years at the beginning of the 20th Century: for several years there are about 60.000 values available via histat.

About 30 databases of the International Labour Organization. -- Etwa 30 Datenbanken der International Labour Organization.

The International Monetary Fund's eLibrary simplifies analysis and research with direct access to the IMF's periodicals, books, working papers and studies. Various statistical and visualization tools to showcase IMF datasets are offered free of charge via the IMF Data platform.

The Internet Archive is a non-profit organization that offers permanent access for the general public to historical collections that exist in digital format. The Internet Archive includes collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications and games, music, movies and videos, moving images, and nearly three million public-domain books. The Internet Archive allows the public to upload and download digital material , but most of its data is collected automatically by its web crawlers to preserve as much of the public web as possible. The Wayback Machine, a huge web archive, contains over 150 billion web captures.

Language Description Heritage (LDH) provides open access to descriptive material about the world's languages with a focus on traditionally difficult to obtain works. This collection is being compiled at first by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and now by the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. -- Language Description Heritage (LDH) ist eine Datenbank, die freien Zugriff auf deskriptive Materialien zu den Sprachen der Welt gewährt. Dabei legt den Schwerpunkt auf überlicherweise schwer erhältlich Arbeiten. Die Sammlung wurde zuerst am Max-Planck-Institut für Evolutionäre Anthropology angelegt und wird nun am Max-Planck-Institut für Menschheitsgeschichte fortgeführt.

Latest Thinking (LT) aims to facilitate access to scientific research by asking leading researchers to explain their publications to a wider audience. Together with the scholars LT produces videos on their respective studies and collects those videos on the LT platform. In the videos, the researchers tell you what their question was, how they approached the problem, what they found out, where the relevance of their studies lies and how they or others may further deal with the subject. The Max Planck Society covers the video production charges for invited Max Planck researchers centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

LIVIVO bundles scientifically relevant resources from the subjects fields medicine, health, nutrition, environmental and agricultural sciences. It provides a common search interface over various data sources, such as library catalogs, specialist bibliographic databases, full texts from journals, and quality-controlled web content. LIVIVO combines the former ZB MED search portals MEDPILOT (2003 to 2015) and GREENPILOT (2009 to 2015).

MIA contains the writings of 592 authors representing a complete spectrum of political, philosophical, and scientific thought, generally spanning the past 200 years. Being a communist means working for the self-emancipation of the working class; it means striving to unite the working class, in all its diversity, in the struggle to overthrow capitalism. In the 1840s, Marx and Engels placed communism on a scientific footing through the theory of dialectical materialism. Marxists are those who have continued this ever since. If any one of the following criteria apply, the MIA Collective may decide to place the writer into the Reference Archive: (i) they pre-date Marx and Engels, (ii) they specifically reject Marxism, (iii) their work is practically and theoretically unconnected or hostile toward the workers movement, (iv) their work is idealistic or lacking in dialectic. Where a writer contributes to Marxist theory and practice for a part of their life, while other works lie outside of Marxism, then the whole of their writing will be placed in the Marxist Writers' Archive.Contains: Karl Marx/ Friedrich Engels - Werke ; Rosa Luxenburg; August Bebel; Antonio Gramsci ...

MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) is an academic open-access publisher with a portfolio of more than 400 peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary, open access, electronic journals. The Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

This resource lists those electronic journals in which Max Planck authors can publish open access free of charge because the article processing charges (APCs) are supposed to be covered by central funds. The dataset currently contains nearly 7500 journals and is also available as JSON export.

The Max Planck e-Book Index provides holdings of electronic books licensed for users in the Max Planck Society.

The Max Planck Journal Index provides holdings of a great range of printed journals available within the Max Planck Society. Besides, it contains metadata of electronic journals as loaded from the EZB. The database is updated regularly from the ZDB (twice a year) and the EZB (monthly).

MPG.PuRe is the publication repository of the Max Planck Society. It contains bibliographic data and numerous fulltexts of the publications of its researchers. The repository is based on PubMan, a publication repository software developed by the Max Planck Digital Library. PuRe was introduced in the MPG in May 2009 and replaced the former institutional repository eDoc.

In collaboration with authors and publishers, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) provides free online access to books and documents in life science and healthcare.

The OAPEN Library contains freely accessible academic books, mainly in the area of Humanities and Social Sciences. OAPEN works with publishers to build a quality controlled collection of Open Access books, and provides services for publishers, libraries and research funders in the areas of dissemination, quality assurance and digital preservation. OAPEN serves as delivery platform for various open access initiatives, including Knowledge Unlatched.

The Open Library of Humanities is an open access publishing platform, launched as an international network of scholars, librarians, programmers and publishers in January 2013. The OLH platform supports academic journals from across the humanities disciplines, as well as hosting its own multidisciplinary journal. Unlike many open-access publishers, the Open Library of Humanities does not charge individual author fees, but covers all costs by cooperating with an international library consortium.

The OSF Preprints search combines records from various preprint repositories, including arXiv, bioRxiv, Cogprints, PeerJ, PsyArXiv, RePEc and SocArXiv.

PeerJ is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, scholarly journal. It considers and publishes Research Articles in the Biological and Medical Sciences. It aims for rapid decision making and will publish articles as soon as they are ready. PeerJ operates a 'Lifetime publishing plan' model. Unlike many Open Access publications which charge authors per publication, PeerJ provides low-cost publishing plans to individuals, which gives them lifetime rights to publish with PeerJ for free. The Max Planck Society covers the Enhanced Publication Plan for all Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit publisher and advocacy organization founded to accelerate progress in science and medicine by leading a transformation in research communication. PLOS entered the publishing arena in October 2003 with the launch of PLOS Biology, followed in October 2004 by PLOS Medicine. Today, it publishes a suite of influential Open Access journals across all areas of science and medicine. The Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

Project Gutenberg is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works. Founded in 1971 by Michael Hart, it is the oldest digital library. Project Gutenberg's mission is "To encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks".

Das Projekt "Propylaeum – Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Altertumswissenschaften" ist ein Internetportal, das Fachinformationen für den gesamten Bereich der Altertumswissenschaft anbietet, derzeit für die Fächer Ägyptologie, Alte Geschichte, Klassische Archäologie, Klassische Philologie und Vor- und Frühgeschichte. --

Refubium is a service of the university library of the Freie Universität Berlin. As an institutional repository it collects documents, dissertations, postdoctoral theses, and research data.

RePEc is a collaborative effort of hundreds of volunteers in 73 countries to enhance the dissemination of research in economics. The heart of the project is a decentralized database of working papers, journal articles and software components. All RePEc material is freely available.

The Royal Society publishes 9 high quality, peer reviewed journals covering the full breadth of the biological, physical and cross-disciplinary science. The Royal Society’s Philosophical Transactions, launched in 1665, was the world’s first scientific journal. It established the fundamental principles of scientific priority and peer review, used throughout scientific publishing ever since. Max Planck researchers have free access to historical journal archives. In addition, the Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for Max Planck authors publishing in selected journals centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

ScienceOpen is a networking platform for scholars to enhance their research in the open, make an impact, and receive credit for it. The site provides advanced search and discovery functions, combined with post-publication peer review, recommendation, social sharing, and collection-building features. The Max Planck Society covers article-processing charges for ScienceOpen Research and ScienceOpen Poster centrally. Further details are available on the MPDL website.

SciPost is a complete scientific publication portal managed by and for scientists. It is purely online-based, and offers freely, openly, globally and perpetually accessible science (open access). Preprint handling and circulation occurs through the well-established arXiv; the rest of the publication process, from peer refereeing through publication all the way to post-publication commenting, is offered by SciPost. SciPost does not charge individual author fees, the Max Planck Society is a supporting partner of the project.

SocArXiv, open archive of the social sciences, provides a free, non-profit, open access platform for social scientists to upload working papers, preprints, and published papers, with the option to link data and code. SocArXiv is dedicated to opening up social science, to reach more people more effectively, to improve research, and build the future of scholarly communication.

The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) is a wide-ranging representative longitudinal study of private households, located at the German Institute for Economic Research, DIW Berlin. Every year, there were nearly 11,000 households, and about 30,000 persons sampled by the fieldwork organization Kantar Public Germany. The data provide information on all household members, consisting of Germans living in the Old and New German States, Foreigners, and recent Immigrants to Germany. The Panel was started in 1984. Some of the many topics include household composition, occupational biographies, employment, earnings, health and satisfaction indicators.

The SSRN eLibrary consists of two parts: an Abstract Database containing abstracts on over 60,500 scholarly working papers and forthcoming papers and an Electronic Paper Collection currently containing over 38,400 downloadable fulltext documents in Adobe Acrobat pdf format. The eLibrary also includes the research papers of a number of Fee Based Partner Publications.

Statistische Daten seit 1888 zu den Bereichen Geografie und Klima,Bevölkerung,Familien,Lebensformen,Bildung,Gesundheit, Wohnen,Einkommen,Konsum, Lebensbedingungen,Kultur, Medien,Freizeit,Soziales,Finanzen und Steuern,Wahlen,Justiz,Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnungen,Arbeitsmarkt,Verdienste und Arbeitskosten, Preise,Außenhandel,Zahlungsbilanz,Umwelt,Land- und Forstwirtschaft,Produzierendes Gewerbe und Dienstleistungen im Überblick,Verarbeitendes Gewerbe,Energie,Bauen,Binnenhandel,Transport und Verkehr, Gastgewerbe und Tourismus, Weitere Dienstleistungen.

The department "Survey Data Curation", part of GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, processes and prepares social science research data across a diverse range of data types to support research, especially in comparative perspectives across space and time. The curated data include long-term national (e.g., ALLBUS, GLES, Politbarometer, FReDA) and international (e.g., ISSP, EVS, CSES, Eurobarometer) survey programs with large user communities. The data are prepared for immediate re-use for research and teaching purposes. The department also offers services for linking surveys with geo-data and digital behavioral data.

Contains, inter alia, the United Nations Treaty Series with the full texts of all treaties and international agreements registered or filed and recorded by the Secretariat since 1945, pursuant to Article 102 of the Charter.

Patent databases of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office: U.S. patent specifications (including utility, design, reissue, plant patents and SIR documents) in full text since 1976, full page images are available for the period from 1790. Patent applications in full text since March 15, 2001. Please note: Patents from 1790 to 1975 are only searchable by patent number, issue date and current U.S. classification. The Patent Public Search tool is a new web-based patent search application that replaced legacy search tools PatFT and AppFT.

The MPI-Mainz-UV-VIS Spectral Atlas is a comprehensive collection of absorption cross sections for gaseous molecules and radicals, primarily relevant to atmospheric research, from measurements performed during the last nine decades. The individual data sets were collected from the original publications, either copied from tabulations, or read from figures in those cases where numerical data could no longer be obtained. Other sources rely on the internal databases of several research centers dealing with atmospheric chemistry and/or molecular spectroscopy. Numerous excellent high-resolution spectra were obtained from personal communications with the scientists.

The vifabio portal offers rapid access to biological literature and information. It offers a parallel search in various biologically relevant library catalogues, bibliographic databases, and the internet guide (a collection of selected, quality controlled internet sources).

EVIFA, the portal of Social and Cultural Anthropology, offers anthropological and folkloristic information from one source. It gives a fast, comprehensive access to specific information for anthropological research, regardless of the where about.

The Subject Gatewy for Law is an instrument for the legal information retrieval. It provides straightforward access to legal information in the Internet. Die Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Recht ist ein Instrument für die rechtswissenschaftliche Online-Recherche. Sie bietet einen ortsunabhängigen und unkomplizierten Zugang zu rechtswissenschaftlichen Fachinformationen im Internet.

WALS is a large database of structural (phonological, grammatical, lexical) properties of languages gathered from descriptive materials (such as reference grammars) by a team of more than 40 authors (many of them the leading authorities on the subject). WALS consists of a number of maps with accompanying texts on diverse features (such as vowel inventory size, noun-genitive order, passive constructions, and "hand"/"arm" polysemy), each of which is the responsibility of a single author (or team of authors). Each map shows between 120 and 1370 languages, each language being represented by a symbol, and different symbols showing different values of the feature.

Databases of the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) including patents,trademarks (brands) and industrial designs. Please note: Data coverage depends on the scope of national collections.

The World Bank is the largest single source of development knowledge. The World Bank Open Knowledge Repository (OKR) is The World Bank’s official open access repository for its research outputs and knowledge products. Through the OKR, the World Bank collects, disseminates, and permanently preserves its intellectual output in digital form. The OKR also increases the range of people who can discover and access Bank content - from governments and civil society organizations (CSOs), to students and the general public. The OKR is built on DSpace and is interoperable with other repositories. It supports optimal discoverability and reusability of the content by complying with Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI) standards. All OKR metadata is exposed through the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) protocol. By extending and improving access to World Bank research, the World Bank aims to encourage innovation and allow anyone in the world to use Bank knowledge to help improve the lives of those living in poverty.

As from 1996, the IBE has undertaken the preparation of profiles of national education systems, using the information included in the National Reports on the Development of Education, supplemented with data from other sources. The profiles contain basic descriptions of the main characteristics of the organization and functioning of education systems throughout the world. All information contained in the profiles is organized on the basis of a common structure so as to facilitate the searching and analyzing of available information.

The primary World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially-recognized international sources. It presents the most current and accurate global development data available, and includes national, regional and global estimates. Topics: Agriculture & Rural Development, Aid Effectiveness, Climate Change, Economy & Growth, Education, Energy & Mining, Environment, External Debt, Financial Sector, Gender, Health, Infrastructure, Labor & Social Protection, Poverty, Private Sector, Public Sector, Science & Technology, Social Development, Trade, Urban Development

The World Loanword Database, edited by Martin Haspelmath and Uri Tadmor, is a scientific publication by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. It provides vocabularies (mini-dictionaries of about 1000-2000 entries) of 41 languages from around the world, with comprehensive information about the loanword status of each word. It allows users to find loanwords, source words and donor languages in each of the 41 languages, but also makes it easy to compare loanwords across languages. Each vocabulary was contributed by an expert on the language and its history. An accompanying book has been published by De Gruyter Mouton (Loanwords in the World's Languages: A Comparative Handbook, edited by Martin Haspelmath & Uri Tadmor). The World Loanword Database consists of vocabularies contributed by 41 different authors or author teams.

The ZDB is the world’s largest specialized database for serial titles (journals, annuals, newspapers etc., incl. e-journals). The ZDB contains more than 1 million bibliographic records of serials from the 16th century onwards, from all countries, in all languages, held in 4000 German (and some foreign) libraries, with holdings information. It does not index individual journal articles.